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What ought to we all know regarding Life Insurance?

Comparing insurance quotes from multiple insurance firms is one among the simplest ways in which to get the foremost cheap insurance. Otherwise, so as to urge the fullest advantage of insurance, we must always have a basic understanding of insurance. Once we have already got a basic understanding of insurance, we will purchase insurance. Insurance is outlined as a financial profit paid to a nominal person’s chosen beneficiary by the time of his or her death. additionally, insurance is supposed to convey a full protection for you and your entire family. 

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Finding the Best Auto Insurance: Your First Step

While you are driving your car, do you realize that your driving style is different from other drivers? Do you have any idea about what is the risk of having different driving styles? Well, there is a possibility that one day a misunderstanding could happen between you and other driver. When the misunderstanding brings a consequence of horning, you just need to ignore it. What if this brings a serious trouble? You find yourself getting involved in an accident, and your car gets a serious damages. Are you ready to face this kind of unlucky day? 

    Well, as you cannot avoid getting problem on the road, buying auto insurance must be the best preparation or even investment. Your auto insurance is a kind of plan that you can make in order to avoid spending a lot of money when something wrong happens to your car. And the first step you can take before you buy the car insurance is finding the best company to whom you will buy the auto insurance. The best car insurance company is the one that will respond your claim fast so that you do not have to wait for a long moment to re-drive your car. Finally, what other most important thing to do? Yes, drive safe!

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Hemp As an Economic and Environmental Solution

A Little About Hemp

Hemp plays an important role in sustainable, organic agricultural and industrial productions. Industrial grade hemp is the variety Cannabis Sativa and is different from the hemp plant used as a drug. It is not legal to grow in the US but is grown in other places around the world. Industrial grade hemp grows quickly producing up to 25 tons per acre per year. Hemp is one of the purest, most complete plants on earth and is often referred to as a carbon-negative raw material. Environmentally friendly, it requires no pesticides or fertilizers and actually cleans the area it is in of weeds. The hemp plant not only quickly replenishes, it adds more essential nutrients into the soil. The hemp plant is good both for the soil and the atmosphere.

Applications of Hemp

The use of hemp dates some 12000 years and has seen a variety of purposes ranging from ship sails, textiles, clothing, rope and food source. With a texture similar to that of linen, pure hemp still today has a variety of industrial and agricultural uses:

• Hemp is cellulose rich making its fibers very strong. As much as 20 times stronger than cotton, hemp is a perfect choice for making rope.


• Being more 'woody' in texture, the inner two fibers of hemp are more often used in non-woven items and other industrial applications, such as for mulch, animal bedding and cat litter.


• Having long and very strong fibers hemp also makes the most beautiful textiles. Apparel and furnishings produced from hemp fabric are very durable, more absorbent and mildew-resistant than cotton, anti-microbial, and are more effective than other fabrics at blocking the sun's UV rays. Because of its hollow fibers hemp fabric is thermal in cold weather and cooling in warmer weather. With the discovery of new production techniques hemp garments have retained their traditional qualities with the additional quality of softness that makes it an attractive choice for clothing and bed linens.


• Recycled hemp clothing, rags and fishing nets were used as input for paper production as far back as 2000 years ago. Today, especially with its sustainable properties, hemp continues as a popular source for paper production.


• Many cultures worldwide have found hemp a nourishing food supply. Hemp seeds are 40% oil and contain a nutritious protein. Seeds are full of vitamins and minerals and are one of the best sources of essential fatty acids. Hemp oil is one of the lowest in saturated fats and the meat of the plant is high in amino acids. Cultures have used hemp in foods ranging from butters, milks, and cheeses to pasta, breads, and burgers. Oil from the seeds is also used in the manufacture of oil-based paints and as a moisturizing agent in creams and lotions.


• Replacing oil based raw material, the stalk of the hemp plant is used in the production of hemp plastic. Maintaining the same characteristics as plastic, hemp plastic is fully biodegradable and recyclable.


• A very versatile raw material for construction, hemp is stronger than wood, naturally resistant to rot and pests, and is fire retardant. Hemp has been used to make blocks, bricks, beams, columns, house frames, boards, gutters, plumbing pipes, installation, flooring, and driveways.


• Research has shown a vast potential for hemp seed hulls used to create a sustainable bio-fuel. The first Model-T was built to run on hemp gasoline. As a fuel, it is clean burning and emits less carbon dioxide and less sulfur dioxide. Hemp is cost effective, does not deplete natural resources and could in effect lend to a fuel independency.

Conclusion

The hemp plant is one of the most versatile eco-friendly plants on earth. Every part of the plant - outer stalk, inner stalk, seed kernel, seed husk, and leaves - is utilized to make textiles, paper, food, medicine, building materials, paint, detergent, oil, ink, and fuel. Unlike other crops, hemp can grow in most climates, in most soil conditions, without fertilizers, and without pesticides. It grows fast, enriches the soil, controls the weeds, creates more oxygen than any other crop and it is biodegradable.

Hemp is a major natural resource that can benefit both the economy and the environment. Although crop production is not allowed in the US, raw materials can be imported. An example is hemp fabric used to make clothing. Quickly becoming a popular item, hemp clothing is durable, easy to wear and easy to care for. For those who are earth aware, hemp paper too is becoming a first choice over wood pulp paper products. Hemp paper materials go into the production of notebooks, writing paper, copy paper, envelopes and the like.

Do your part for our environment and search out products made from hemp as a delightful surprise of its versatility and also as a kindness to Mother Earth. Sustainable, cost-effective, versatile hemp is helping to keep the world green.

The Truth About Biodegradable Plastics

For years, we've been led to believe that biodegradable plastics are safer for the environment. We think that once we throw them away, they'll just degrade and decompose back into the soil. But what most people don't know is that not all biodegradable plastics are equal, and not all biodegradable plastics are good for the environment.

Let's take for example bioplastics. Bioplastics are made from renewable, organic resources like cellulose, starches, and vegetable oils. They're designed to break down and they're safe to use for food products. But how come we don't see enough bioplastic products in the market? Or how come not all our plastic products made from bioplastics.

First and foremost, bioplastics are expensive to manufacture. They require different manufacturing methods and more expensive raw materials. Yes, they are better for the environment but they don't anything for a factory's bottom line. And when it comes to business, cost trumps almost every else.

And the fact remains that producing these plastics still have an environmental impact and they still leave a significant carbon footprint. Sure, they consume less fossil fuel but they still consume some fossil fuel. It's a slightly better option but it's really not the best option available.

What about oxo-biodegradable plastics? They're as cheap as regular plastics and just as durable but they have the added benefit of biodegrable. Countries all over the world are now imposing laws banning regular plastics and pushing for the use of oxo-biodegradable plastics, thinking that it's better for the environment. But according to the studies done by the Europrean Plastics Recyclers Association, these plastics actually have the potential to do more harm than good.

How is it that a plastic that was created to help save the environment ends up harming it more? It turns out that these plastics don't really degrade as well as they claim. When oxo biodegradable plastics end up in a landfill, they're buried under layers of garbage. When they're not exposed to oxygen and light, they don't degrade. Cold weather and the presence of metals also slows down the degradation process. In fact, they can last as long as regular plastics when buried in a landfill.

These plastics aren't even biodegradable at all. They're designed to breakdown into smaller pieces but the plastic components themselves can't be broken down and used by microorganisms in the environment. These smaller pieces of plastic can easily be ingested, which makes them more dangerous to more animals.

There is a new type of plastic that still has the same components of traditional plastic but now made biodegradable because of an additive called ECM. This additive makes any type of plastic fully biodegradable. These ECM plastics are naturally degraded by bacteria and fungi and can be completely degraded in 5 years, regardless of where you throw them. It doesn't require any special handling or changes in the manufacturing process in order for it to work. Right now it's gaining popularity among plastic manufacturers in Europe, especially in Italy, because of its versatility. In fact, this kind of plastic is now being used in food-grade containers designed to "dissolve" in hot water.

But until this type of biodegradable plastic becomes widely available worldwide, the best and the most environment friendly option when it comes to using any type of plastic is to reuse them. Every time you re-use a plastic container or bag, you're keeping that piece of plastic out of the landfill, you're helping decrease the use of fossil fuels in the production of plastics and you're saving money. Recycling is also a great option but you have to keep in mind that not all plastics are recyclable. And the process of recycling itself still has some environmental impact so you have to make sure that you've completely re-used all your plastics before sending them to the recycling bin.

Bamboo Clothing and the Environment

Clothing is such an integral part of our lives, and that is why wearing something that is not only comfortable, but also offers real environmental benefits is so wonderful. It turns out that bamboo clothing is exceptionally soft and comfortable and is indeed good for our little bubble - the planet earth. What makes organic bamboo so desirable when manufacturing clothing? For starters it is surprisingly soft and silky to the touch. In fact, clothing comprised of bamboo is actually softer than cotton. Bamboo clothing is ideal for tropical climates, as it is highly effective at drawing moisture out and away from the body. But don't be fooled, bamboo as a fabric is also highly effective in keeping you warm in the winter.

Clothing that incorporates bamboo fiber can be made with everything from baby bamboo to organic bamboo. The options are endless, and the designs and styles are equally endless. Those who appreciate organic clothing will appreciate the fact that bamboo fabric is derived from bamboo pulp. Because of this the manufacturing process requires minimal chemical treatments, and minimal water for dying purposes. All this is good news for the environment. Add to this the fact that bamboo clothing is completely biodegradable, and you have the making of perhaps the most perfect clothing fabric in the world.

In addition, there are a number of reasons why bamboo organic clothing is so much more sustainable than cotton. For example, bamboo is an eco-friendly plant that reduces and in some cases may even reverse the erosion of soil. The bamboo plant is very resilient and can endure even the most extreme weather conditions. Unlike cotton, bamboo requires minimal water, and normally does not need any type of fertilizing or harmful chemical pesticides. Bamboo plants are known to release generous quantities of oxygen into the environment, and grow unbelievably fast. In fact, bamboo grows faster than any other known plant on the globe. Some bamboo plants can grow an amazing several feet a day - so much for watching grass grow!

By using organic bamboo as well as baby bamboo manufactures are able to extract the pulp and produce some of the finest and most ecologically sustainable fabrics and clothing in the world. Organic clothing made from organic bamboo is soft, comfortable and stylish. It's hard to resist such a winning combination in clothing. One other interesting benefit of clothing made from bamboo is that it dries quite rapidly, and far faster than cotton or other similar materials. This is great for clothing that is intended for sports activities, especially in warmer climates. It only takes one experience with wearing bamboo clothing to be forever sold on this fantastic clothing concept. Try bamboo fabric today and discover why bamboo is far and away the best environmental choice over cotton.

What Does Not Change?

It is generally known that this is an ever-changing universe. Each and every thing we see and all the events we observe are in a state of constant flux. Even the simplest of stable particles, i.e. Photon has oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Even in the transcendental or meta-physical Zero, inherent instability or oscillations have to be postulated to explain origin of nature and universe.

So even things and events that appear to be constant and stable, are often in a state of constant flux. In 'Zero' oscillations are essential to explain origin of particles and antiparticles constituting material universe and black holes respectively, from null. In Photons oscillating electric and magnetic fields are essential to resolve existential dilemma paused by Laws of Energy Flow (Generally known as Laws of Thermodynamics). Magnetic energy being non-conducting is a relief from energy flow and therefore conversion of electric energy into magnetic energy prevents its dissipation by conduction or energy flow. Therefore it is true that even to keep existence anything has to constantly change.

Atoms and molecules are in a state of constant oscillation in accordance with their energy content. Gas molecules are perpetually in Brownian motion. All the celestial bodies are constantly moving in their elliptical orbits and spinning around their axis. All this is essential, to keep existence.

So there arises a question that in this ever-changing universe is there anything that is constant and if so than what is it?

The answer to this question is 'yes' because there are many things even the nature can't afford to change if nature and universe were to keep their being, identity, integrity and progressive evolution. This is also essential if scientific knowledge has to remain meaningful. Some of such things are as under:-

1. Natural Laws do not change from time to time and from one place to another. Natural laws are constraints with in which nature has to exist and function and so natural law are the basis of natural order and hence, natural laws discipline 'change'. To effectively discharge their functions natural laws can't vary with time and place. Ever changing natural laws are bound to lead to disorder or chaos as a result of different material entities changing differently in uncoordinated manner thus precipitating chaos.

Constancy of natural laws is the basis of uniformitarian thought widely prevalent even in the contemporary society. Charles Lyell, the pre-eminent exponent of uniformitarianism, in the early 19th century published first volume of his great work Principles of Geology Being an Attempt to Explain the Former Changes of the Earth's Surface by Reference to Causes now in Operation. His work convinced most of the contemporary scientists about validity of Uniformitarian thought.

Constancy of natural laws is a founding principle for science because in a universe endowed with ever-changing natural laws, scientific predictions of past, present and future are bound to go haywire leading to demise of science. If particular Photons are not stable, which to astronomers are predictors of conditions prevalent at the time of origin of universe, than they can no longer be treated as representatives of conditions of their origin.

'Zero' remains a 'Zero' despite being in a state of flux and a Photon that presumably originated at the point of origin of universe, preserves its characteristic energy content, frequency and wave length over a period of billions of years until it is absorbed. Therefore scientific theories which advocate chaos preceding origin of universe and order after the Big Bang call for hysterical dissociation of beliefs. Therefore Big Bang Theory even if justifiable from one particular stand point, needs to explain as to how chaos can ever lead to order without external intervention of mythic proportions? The same is true of other natural laws.

Even in Biological domain life originating in accordance with RNA world hypothesis and then transforming to DNA based life forms is a highly improbable event.

Therefore, it is essential that to explain cosmic phenomena comprehensively, constancy of natural laws should be kept in mind. One should desist from entering into a universe that does not follow its own rules. This also implies that natural laws that led to origin and evolution of nature and universe must be as effective today as in the past. So universe must still be growing and evolving.

What can really change about natural laws is human understanding of natural laws. It may be imprecisely defined today and precisely defined later on with improved understanding.

2. Nature of Things does not change in their basal state or state of rest. However, observed nature of things is subject to conditions of their existence and can vary non-linearly from one set of conditions to another. Therefore properties of matter and various forms of energy can't vary across cosmos.

This is essential for the purpose of behavioral uniformity and consistency and permits science to predict things and events in past, present or future.

3. Human nature about emotions, relationships, intellect and biological needs does not change with changing times. Changing times may lead to cultural change redefining ways and means people use to meet their ends but this does not change innate human nature or the ends.

Therefore cultural change brought about by technical advances, economic advances, changing trends in fashion etc. do not alter innate human behavior and fundamental needs. Only means change but not goals and objectives. However this is subject to one exception, i.e. behavioral change brought about by mental training, education and experience.

Therefore generation gap is in reality generation conflict brought about by differences in needs and perceptions of different age groups. Older generation often trying to protect younger generation from mistakes they have committed, on the basis of their hard-earned experience whereas younger generation is interested in learning from their own experience and experimentation.

In my opinion, the best course of action for older generation in a conflict situation is to allow younger generation to learn by self experience and bear with them until then. This may be a better way of keeping relationships intact.

Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor and has written the book "Encounter of Science with Philosophy - A synthetic view". The book begins with first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God. This is the only book which deals with origin of nature and universe from null. Sixteenth chapter of the book deals with the subject matter of 'Change'.

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Are Above Ground High Tension Power Lines Screwing With Nature?

Most people don't realize that when mankind puts through infrastructure it does disrupt the environment. When we put in a major freeways, that freeway noise and those lights, along with the runoff alters and changes the landscape, changes the food chain, and modifies nature. Now then, before I go on, I'd like you know that I am not an environmentalist, nor do I wish to curtail the future progress of human civilization. But perhaps it's time we had a legitimate talk about what we are doing, and how it affects things.

Have you ever driven under high tension power lines, or next to a radio station? In the case of high tension power lines your radio gets funky, if you are passing by a radio station and you are tuned to a different channel, the same thing happens, there is quite a bit of static disruption, and the radio station tower bleeds into your frequency, even if it is on another channel, AM or FM. There's a lot of electromagnetic energy escaping from high tension power lines, it alters many things and the human brain, along with the brains of other species are electromagnetic organic devices.

The energy is generated from the chemicals coming from the food source that any given species might eat. Organic brains are so evolutionarily refined they operate on minuscule amounts of power, so any large power source disrupts them, meaning power lines, radio antennas, or even cell towers.

Did you know that cows sleep facing North - they sleep standing, they face North, and this is something they just do for a biological, genetic, and evolutionary reason. However, when you put giant power lines across the field, it interrupts and disrupts that process, and the cows sleep facing all different directions. Obviously, if we put in high tension power lines, we are disrupting the biological functions of all the animals nearby. Just as the freeway noise disrupts, or all the lights disrupt their behavior, habitat, circadian rhythm, and ability to hunt, or evade. This disrupts the food chain, the balance, and everything else.

When we put up large wind power generators it creates ultrasound, that ultrasound messes with the brains of humans, and therefore all the other animals too. It also creates low pressure areas behind the blades, which causes bats to crash, and also screws with their biological sonar navigation system. Railroad tracks and the vibrational energy causes species to wish to live further away, it drives away the prey, as well as the predators, thus creating somewhat of a dead zone.

The endangered Desert Tortoise which is found out West in the United States has trouble when it is picked up and re-faced a different direction. Whatever direction it is facing when you put it back down, it travels in that direction, and you disrupted its internal navigation system, whether it is magnetic, or is generated through memory. Having high tension power lines will also affect various species, probably more than we can know. And since we can't ask them, we have no idea.

Over the last 50 years we've learned that large sea mammals have challenges due to our underwater sonar systems, and they have actually changed the frequency which they communicate at to a slightly higher frequency. They've been able to adapt, but not all species can adapt that quickly, evolutionarily speaking they've been doing it their way for tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands or millions of years. Indeed I hope you will please consider all this and think on it because as much information as there is out there on wildlife, nature, and biological research it seems often enough we have skipped over at least some of these questions I've asked.

Cruel and Unusual - Environmental Biologists Attach Antennas On Endangered Desert Tortoises

Mankind is quite concerned with endangered species in nature. Environmentalists are trying to understand the balance, and intervene where they think it is necessary to prevent unfortunate changes which unbalance the cruel realities of the food chain. Anytime mankind tries to help one species over another, because perhaps it is endangered they are indeed altering the food chain, and there are bound to be unintended consequences because it is so complex and complicated. Okay so let's talk shall we?

Up along the Columbia River between Oregon and Washington state mankind has put in dams, but also salmon ladders for the fish to climb to get upstream. Because there is only one way up, large sea mammals hang out there to feed on the salmon as they come back upriver to spawn. The humans that created this dilemma have now decided that to save the salmon from this human made chokepoint, they have gotten environmental permission to shoot the sea mammals. However, this is their natural food supply, and has been for millions of years. Further they are saving trying to save a fish by shooting a mammal - who's side are they on? A decent and rhetorical question, I suppose.

Okay so, in doing this the large sea mammals just sit around and wait for the salmon, rather than having to battle the flow of the river to get their meal. This is causing the sea mammals to become fat, dumb, and happy just like humans that are now getting diabetes and they don't exercise enough while getting food stamps. Okay so, that was one example, and let me give you another example of how humans disrupt nature with unintended consequences, all the while claiming to be helping the environment.

You see, the other day I was talking to a wildlife biologist fieldworker. She was somewhat aloof, and had a little shade of academic arrogance, perhaps because she had a degree in her scientific field. She explained to me how they stuck on sensors and satellite antennas on the shells of Desert Tortoises. She said at first biologists were putting the antennas in the wrong spot on the females, therefore the males could not mount the female for mating purposes. This is an endangered species, and therefore the mating process is extremely important, without procreation their numbers will dwindle, rather than recover.

Eventually they figured this out. But then I asked if the Desert Tortoises burrow underground and live there 95% of the time, doesn't the antenna get in their way? She said no because the epoxy was very strong, and antennas were very durable. That's not why I asked. The reason why I was concerned with this is because that species has been digging burrows of a certain height, and has evolved with certain types of claws and a body structure to dig that size of tunnels.

By altering the height by a few more inches, they might get stuck inside on a rock, or find difficulties digging in areas which are now unsuitable, and all of this goes against their body's evolutionary design, and the species normal natural habitat behavior, and what about camouflage from predators? Apparently, no one has addressed that, which I find too bad. Not that I am an environmentalist, but the hypocrisy involved, and the inability of academic biologists to think outside the box, or even understand what they are doing bothers me.

It could very well be that a male tortoise doesn't want to mate with a female tortoise, which has some ugly thing on its back, or a female tortoise may find the male an inappropriate mate because it doesn't look right with that extra protrusion on top, and ugly grow, something non-symmetrical for instance. Do you see my point? Maybe some folks need to rethink what they're doing and stop causing so many unintended consequences in nature. I thought these folks claimed to be environmentalists, why are they so busy modifying everything that they see without considering all the ramifications? Please consider all this and think on it.

Habits of Desert Creatures and Human Intervention Considered

The other day, I was talking to a wildlife biologist, someone working as a field worker who was an expert on the California Desert Tortoise. It is an endangered species in case you hadn't realized, and although I knew that, I am not in fear that this species which has adapted over millions of years is going to leave us anytime soon. Since these tortoises spend most of their time underground burrows, almost 95% of their time where it is cooler, we don't see them that often. But that doesn't mean they aren't there, maybe they are hiding from humans, hell I would if I were them, we don't actually have a very good record when it comes to animals in the wild. Okay so let's talk shall we?

My acquaintance mentioned to me that ravens like to eat the California Desert Tortoise's eggs, and since they only lay eggs seasonally, and only 4 to 6 eggs at a time, it is imperative that more of these eggs hatch or the Desert Tortoise will not be able to procreate fast enough to survive in an ever decreasing area due to mankind's development. As she was explaining all this to me, she told me a story that made her very upset. It turns out that she saw a ravens nest, and underneath it were least 20 or 30 cracked eggs, all from the Desert Tortoise, broken shells proving that it is one of the favorite foods for the Raven, something she was already aware of due to her studies.

She did not disturb the ravens nest because it is also part of the food chain and the natural environment. This is just how nature does things, and humans must understand that. Nevertheless, she explained to me that humans often dumped their trash in the middle of the desert, and this attracted the ravens, and because there were so many birds around that area, which normally wouldn't be there in such abundance, they also went out to hunt whatever else they could find. There were very few lizards in the area, and the population of California Desert Tortoises was not increasing, which is a concern for environmentalists concerned with endangered species.

Had mankind not dumped trash in the middle of the desert, there would be fewer ravens in that given area in such large populations. And since the ravens have a fairly large territory, it practically made a dead zone for these tortoises in that area.

She explained to me that not only does the encroachment of mankind through housing tracts, and business properties limit the ability of this endangered species to repopulate, but also the trash they have strewn across the desert unbalances the food chain. So, not only is the trash sickening to look at, it alters the environment, nature, and changes the habitat, hunting grounds, and behavior in food chain of all the critters in the region. Please consider all this and think on it.

Working As a Wildlife Conservationist

Anybody with a developed interest in wildlife and nature might want to pursue conservation work opportunities. There are a number of different jobs in the field, such as park ranger, game warden, wildlife biologist and environmental specialist. These types of jobs generally involve spending long periods of time outdoors, surveying the land and ensuring that wildlife habitats are maintained. This article may help you to decide whether jobs in environmental sector are for you.

The Difference Between Conservation and Animal Welfare 

There are a wide variety of animal related jobs that fall outside the sphere of conservation. Individuals who work in such occupations may do their level best to ensure the protection of every single animal that they come across. However, people who carry out conservation work generally believe in maintaining natural habitats as a whole, rather than focussing on the needs of specific creatures. They may be prepared to carry out a cull if it will have positive effects for the entire ecosystem. Conservationists may also deem it appropriate to kill foreign species that are harming the environment.

Typical Duties 

The work may involve the protection of a wide variety of animals. People employed in this capacity may be required to look after the large and powerful meat eaters in big game reserves. Those workers who specialise in marine conservation may find that much of their time is taken up in the prevention of coastal erosion. There are also opportunities for deep sea diving missions and research on wrecks and coral reefs. Conservationists may also often be invited to meetings regarding the environmental impact of work conducted by major companies.

Personal Qualities Required 

When they aren't working with animals, conservationists are often involved in group activities, such as the clearing of beach litter and coppicing of wooded environments. They should have a friendly disposition towards other team members and the ability communicate and listen effectively. People who do conservation work are generally motivated by a passion to do right by the world, rather than earn large amounts of money. It is quite usual to do this form of work on a voluntary basis.

Qualifications Required 

Those individuals who manage to obtain jobs in the conservation work sector have generally achieved a high standard in A level subjects such as biology and chemistry. Some choose to further their employment prospects by taking specialised university courses in marine biology or wildlife sciences. There is a great deal of information about these educational programmes online. For further information you may also want to contact the Wildlife Trust and perhaps even the World Wildlife Fund.

Finding Voluntary Work with Animals

There are many ways in which you could work with animals on a voluntary basis. If you're a dog lover then you might consider unpaid work at a local animal shelter, alternatively you could gain voluntary employment at a local aquarium. By taking even the smallest such opportunities you might reap many benefits as well as set yourself on a possible career path.

Involving with the Community 

Local organisations and citizens will have a great deal of respect for anybody who is willing to freely devote their time to a good cause. You could set an example by working with animals that have been left abandoned or been taken in ill. Such work will give you a sense of pride and inner contentment as well as giving comfort and love to the animals.

Enjoying the Achievement 

Instead of sitting around during your free time, you could commit to working with animals that have temperamental problems or need to be reintroduced to the wild. There are a number of voluntary programmes, both within the UK and abroad that will allow you to make these types of achievements. You could volunteer as part of the Duke of Edinburgh award scheme or take a gap year break to Africa to work with wild animals.

Gain Experience in the Working Environment 

The best way of deciding whether to pursue a career working with animals is to gain relevant experience in the field. You might be able to watch veterinarians in action or help in the training of guide dogs for the blind. There will also be the opportunity to prove that you can work as part of a team and deal with customer demands. Prospective employers may well ask you to provide evidence of the acquirement of these skills in the future.

Develop New Friendships 

You will have the chance to develop a bond with the animals that you deal with when volunteering. There will also be the opportunity to talk and make friends with people who share the same kinds of interests, especially on gap year projects abroad.

Establish Business Contacts 

It is possible that you'll be offered a job upon the successful completion of a voluntary placement. Even if this doesn't happen you might still be able to build a list of contacts that could be very helpful in the future. People and organisations are more likely to offer jobs to individuals with whom they feel some affiliation.

Build Lasting Memories 

It is likely that you'll look back at your time volunteering at an animal shelter or local zoo with some fondness. If you are lucky enough to venture abroad, working with animals in Africa on your gap year break, those memories will be even ore precious.

Environmental and Wildlife Conservation in the Community

There are a number of steps that you can take to maintain the environmental balance in your community and beyond. While some of these methods may require the devotion of time and resources, others simply entail a change of habits. The following paragraphs outline some of the positive actions that you could take.

Purchase Green Food Products

There are a large number of farmers throughout the world who produce delicious foods in environmentally friendly ways. You can show support for the work that they do by buying products bearing Fair Trade, Food Alliance and Bird Friendly labels. You could also reduce your carbon footprint by opting to eat vegetarian meals, rather than those consisting of red meat. And it is also worth asking the chefs at any restaurants that you visit about the organic dishes that feature on the menu.

Looking After Plants and Flowers

You could contribute to conservation work by tending to floral species that have been planted in your local area. It may even be a good idea to put up signs urging other residents not to trample or otherwise harm the plants. If you really enjoy the gardening work then why not create a designated area for the planting of vegetables and pretty flowers? You will be rewarded with delicious produce to share with community and wonderful flowers for everyone to enjoy.

Advise Other People On Green Practices

It is possible to encourage people to take their environmental responsibilities seriously without seeming to be intrusive or condescending. You could tell friends and family about the sense of achievement and empowerment that you have realised by carrying out conservation work. It might even be possible to give a talk about the benefits of green living at a community meeting. The more people who are persuaded by the eco-friendly message the better.

Join a Group

There are a large number of social groups engaged in conservation across the UK. They may organise outings to coastal areas for clean ups and wooded environments for wildlife projects. By joining you will have the opportunity to meet like-minded people and reap the rewards of engaging in conservation work together. The BTCV is a particularly well-known society of this type.

Reduce Your Usage Of Fossil Fuels

The dependence on fossil fuels has a negative impact on plant and animal species throughout the world. You can play a part in their preservation by using public transport and bicycles whenever possible. You could also reward companies who employ ethical conservation work practices by buying electrical items with high standards of efficiency. Another way to lessen the usage of fossil fuels is to replace traditional light bulbs with the modern, compact fluorescent alternatives. This is a positive step for the environment and your finances!

Head to Africa

If you really want to get involved at a grass roots level, there are specialised travel companies providing adult gap year experiences where you can become involved in animal conservation work projects in various locations across Africa. This is an exciting and truly fulfilling way to do your bit in conserving some of our endangered wild species.

How Long Until Humans Can Communicate With Dolphins In Their Language?

The other day, I was reminded by someone of an old article I had written about the potential for dolphin/human communication and how we might go about putting together an electronic device to do that. It shouldn't be difficult at all actually. Yes, I am talking about talking with the dolphins. Now then, I do have some theories on direct dolphin communications. You see, they have large brains and abilities we do not have with extra sensors.

Luckily, it seems we have decoded their 'clicks' and they use a simpler sentence structure than most human languages such as "bob, ball, go get" which would be the click signification for the individual dolphin, click for name of object, then the action. Perhaps, the opposite of that famous line in Star Wars where one species says to a human; "What Say You," and so I hope you now see that point.

So, we seem to know enough now to ramp up that linguistic research to have a conversation. They might like that. Of course, since their language is spontaneous, I don't doubt that different dolphins living in different parts of the world use different communication strategies, sentence structures, etc. just as humans in the Amazon jungle do, or the differences in the World's major languages. I think we could learn one hell of a lot through this communication, not to mention it will helps as humans in the future prove Drake's equation or the theory behind it correct as we explore elsewhere.

You see, there might be a lot more intelligent life out there than we believe, and we ought to start practicing with the intelligent life on our own planet and learn how to communicate. There are dolphins, chimpanzees, and other intelligent life. What about multi-leg sea creatures? They aren't exactly stupid either. We seem to do okay with nonverbal communication with our pets whether they be dogs, cats, livestock animals, or birds.

Maybe it's time to take it all to the next level. We've already designed tablet computer systems which allow us to talk through a translation device. When it comes right down to it isn't that what we are trying to do here? Even if we get the sentence structure wrong with the dolphins and they laugh as us, they are still smart enough to know what we mean, even if we may not be smart enough to communicate with them yet. Maybe they think we are just stupid, who knows maybe we are.

Dolphins seem like an obvious choice, and maybe we should put more effort into bona fide linguistic goal communication and translation through computational devices with audio. We listen to what they say, and we can tell by this sounds and duration of their "clicks" the significance of each word thus, deriving the meaning of their sentences. We have enough knowledge now to make this happen. Therefore we should. Interestingly enough, I'm not the only one who's been thinking here, and it deserves funding and more research. Indeed I hope you will please consider all this and think on it.

Shale Formation in the Eagle Ford Region of Texas

Don't ever write it "Eagleford" because you will be singled out right away as a "outsider." The Eagle Ford shale formation is the biggest boom to hit Texas in the last 40 or so years, and the biggest oil and gas discovery in the United States.

Discovered in 2009, and named for the community of Eagle Ford in South Texas, the Eagle Ford shale formation has been around since the late cretaceous period, about 85 million years ago. This formation, once part of a vast inland sea, starts at the Mexico-Texas border in Webb and Maverick counties, and travels east for about 400 miles.

The shale is mostly carbonate, making it easy to break up using hydraulic fracturing machinery. Over 50 miles wide and 250 feet thick, the formation lies at a depth of from 4,000 to 12,000 feet deep. In all, it goes through 23 counties, and has already made some people very rich.

The community of Eagle Ford is now part of a West-Dallas neighborhood. This is where the formation was first seen. The shale formation is made up of an organic-rich fossiliferous marine shale. The rising and falling of the ancient sea bed, along with the pressures exerted over the millenniums created this vast oil and gas rich area.

While landowners lucky enough to own the rights of minerals on their land will reap profits from the leasing of their mineral rights, there are any number of oil companies wanting to buy the rights. Selling mineral rights in Texas is not as easy as one may think. A landowner who wants to sell mineral rights has to first ascertain if he even owns the mineral rights to his land.

If a landowner finds that he indeed does own the surface and mineral rights to his land, then he may find it more profitable selling mineral rights, rather than leasing them. There are a number of reasons for this move, from combining one's assets, having more liquidity, or even for estate planning purposes. In this case, going to a broker may be the best way to handle the transaction.

But rather than sell their rights, many landowners in Texas are leasing the rights. This move is also profitable. Many people are leasing their mineral rights for as much as $2,000 an acre as an up-front payment, plus getting 25% of the royalties on any profits. All that is required is a legal contract for the use of the land for oil or gas production. With estimated reserves at 3 billion barrels, and an average output of 42,000 barrels a day, Eagle Ford is adding to the economy of Texas.

Little Bee - All About Bumble Bees

There are more than 250 different species of bee and most of these exist in the Northern Hemisphere. They are social creatures with black and yellow hairs that are often arranged in stripes on the bee's body. They may also have red or orange coloring and some bees are almost entirely black. Bumble bees look and feel fuzzy. The thick fuzzy hairs help to keep bumble bees warm through the winter.

The bumble bee is a relative of the honey bee. They gather pollen which is used to feed their young. In queens that have been fertilized, the ovaries become active when she lays her eggs. The queen is able to store the male's sperm from mating in a special container known as the spermatheca that is used when she is laying her eggs. Some eggs are fertilized with the sperm and these bumble bees will grow into females or queens while other eggs go unfertilized and become males.

Hormones stimulate the development of the ovaries and lack of hormones will suppress ovary development. In worker bees, a lack of hormones makes it impossible for them to reproduce. Instead of being capable of reproducing, worker bees have salivary glands that secrete saliva and can be mixed with the nectar and pollen that they gather from flowers. The saliva is mixed with the materials used to build the nest to make them softer.

The tongue of the bee is long and hairy. It extends from a sheath and is used to lap up liquids like nectar. Nectar is drawn up through the tongue also through capillary action. When the bumble bee flies or rests, the tongue is kept folded up underneath its head. Wax is secreted from an area under the abdomen. Pollen is gathered by the bumble bee in part through electrostatic charge which builds up on the bee as it is flying through the air. When the bee lands on a flower, the electrostatic charge causes the pollen to be attracted to the bee. Though bees do not have ears, they do have the ability to sense vibrations.

The bumble bee is usually found more readily at higher latitudes and higher altitudes. There are a few tropical species of bumble bees however. The bee possesses the ability to regulate its body temperatures using several mechanisms such a "shivering" and solar radiation. They are also able to stay cool by radiating warmth out of their bodies through their abdomen.

Bumble bees exist in colonies that are usually smaller than that of honey bees. Mature nests of bees sometimes hold only about 50 individuals. Nests may be found under ground in tunnels made by other animals. They often build a waxy protective canopy that can help to insulate the colony through the winter months. A queen bumble bee from a colony will usually survive the winter and then construct a new colony in the warmer spring months are she emerges from hibernation. She collects pollen and nectar from flowers and then finds a suitable location for the nest to begin the cycle all over again.

The True "Safety" of Bottled Water

News about human conflicts and wars are dominating the headlines in newspapers and news websites. One of the most talked about wars isn't being fought overseas and it's being waged through corporate talks and conversations instead of guns and other weapons. It's a war over resources and personal preferences, and it's all over bottled water.

Envipco is an organization that focuses on rewarding companies for recycling (beverage companies in particular) and it has a unique board of directors that are made up of leaders from different industries. One of the most popular selling points for bottled water is the alleged safety of the product. If people knew the truth about how safe the average bottle of Poland Springs is, they wouldn't buy bottle water again.

Questionable Sources

It would be a lie to say that all municipal water sources are 100% clean and safe, but companies blatantly lie when they advertise their water as "fresh from natural water springs." According to the National Resources Defense Council 40% of bottled water is regular tap water, and public aquifers and water resources are used far more to harvest bottled water than "fresh" springs and streams are.

Harvesting the product from public resources also can create problems for local communities. Companies rarely pay top dollar for the resources they take, towns and communities where water is taken seldom see any profits from the water they supply. Some bottlers take water without factoring in local droughts or community water needs, so some companies have the potential to actually deplete local aquifers and groundwater resources.

False Safety

Some of you may be wondering what's so terrible about a beverage that made a software executive like Gregory S. Garvey and a cement trader like Alexander F Bouri work against it. Organizations like Envipco encourage corporate recycling in hopes of lessening the environmental damage plastic pollution causes, but disposable plastic water bottles cause far more than just environmental damage. Public water resources are far more heavily monitored than the water used in bottled waters. The EPA requires utility companies to test public water resources hundreds of times each month, but the FDA only requires bottling companies to test their water supply once a week. When it comes to checking for chemical, physical, and radiological contaminants in bottled water, the FDA only requires a single test per year.

The National Resources Defense Council tested 103 brands and around one quarter of the brands tested had chemical and bacterial contamination levels that violated state standards. The same study also found that one-fifth of the tested brands exceeded state bottled water microbial guidelines. The FDA also doesn't require bottles and their contents to be checked for phthalates and other chemicals commonly used in plastic bottle production. Overall the FDA also only monitors around 30%-40% of water that's transported along state lines. Many people end up drinking questionable and potentially dangerous water when they think they're getting 100% natural and safe bottled water.

A Rose by Any Other Name: About TENCEL Fabric

TENCEL® is a trademarked brand name the Tencel Group (now owned by Lenzing AG) gave to their lyocell fiber fabric. Lyocell is produced from the wood pulp cellulose of various hardwoods. Cellulose is the natural cell fibers in all vegetation. Eucalyptus trees provide the greatest yield per acre and it is believed the best fiber quality. In keeping with being earth friendly, wood pulp cellulose is collected from trees that are sustainably farmed.

A subcategory of rayon, lyocell fibers are used in making a variety of textiles and it shares many of the characteristics of rayon, ramie, cotton, and linen. Lyocell fiber fabric is a durable material with a soft luxurious feel. A variety of fabric finishes ranging from 'silky soft' to more of a 'woven knit type' surface can be achieved by using abrasive actions on the wet fibers. The tenacious characteristic of the fibers give it strength. Because it is cellulosic, it is fully biodegradable and therefore considered an environmentally friendly material.

Uses 

Because the surface of the fabric can be manipulated into different textures, lyocell fiber fabric is adaptable for use in developing a variety of products. Garments made with this fabric drape well, are soft, breathable, and moisture wicking. This fabric pulls moisture from the skin releasing it into the air avoiding any bacteria from forming between the fabric and the skin. Lyocel fiber clothing tends to be great for traveling as it is lightweight, comfortable, wrinkle resistant, machine washable, quick to dry, and durable. Because of the absorbent and quick drying properties, this fabric is perfect for making towels, bandages, and baby wipes. Other uses include sheets, blankets, upholstery, car carpeting, and oil filters. Powder from the fibers is used to make specialized papers, is an ingredient used in certain building materials and is found in foam mattresses.

The Production Process 

Lyocell is made from wood chips from sustainably farmed trees. Wood chips are chemically softened with an ecofriendly non-toxic solvent forming a wet pulp. The wood pulp is dried into a continuous paper-like sheet. Sheet rolls are sent to a mill where they are broken into pieces and further dissolved in an organic solvent to form a thick solution. The solution is then pumped through small holes forming long strands of fibers. These fibers are dried, soap or silicone is applied to detangle and then the fibers are bundled. The bundles of continuous lengths of dried finished fibers are machine textured and combed to separate the strands. These strands are baled for shipment to manufacturers for weaving into fabric used to create garments and other products.

Environmental Considerations 

Made from plant material, Lyocell is considered a natural product and is easily biodegradable. Raw materials are harvested from certified pesticide free sustainable tree farms. These farms are on lands that are unsuitable for anything else like food crops or grazing. The yield of harvested wood pulp is dissolved in a non-toxic organic solvent. When this solution is pushed through small holes to produce fiber, the solvent extruded is reclaimed in a 'closed loop' process with minimal environmental impact. Because the process reuses more than 99% of the solvent it is considered relatively eco-friendly. The process however uses a substantial amount of energy.

Although production of lyocell fibers is considered eco-friendly, turning the fibers into textiles may not be. Because of its tendency to pill some manufacturers resort to use of harsh chemical processes to weaken surface hairs so they can be removed to avoid pilling. It is difficult to get dyes to bind to the surface of lyocell fibers, causing some manufactures to resort to use of conventional dye treatments that are harmful to the environment. There are quite a few manufactures with earth friendly leanings that avoid the harsh chemicals and use low impact dyes which are more eco-friendly.

Conclusion 

All things considered lyocell fiber fabric is a great earth friendly material to use in a variety of products. Its many attractive properties make it a great choice for products ranging from exercise clothes - moisture wicking properties, travel garments - wrinkle free properties, towels - quick drying properties, and auto carpeting - durability.

Although not organic, it is still considered a natural product. Fibers are produced from sustainable raw materials and are biodegradable. The close loop process of producing the fibers keeps waste by-products to a minimum. Of most concern is the possible use of harsh chemicals to turn the fibers into fabric. Those with chemical sensitivities and those wanting to remain eco-friendly should search out manufacturers that avoid the use of heavy chemicals and dyes in the production process.